Saturday, April 11, 2020

A Public Key Encryption Algorithm for Network Security

Enhanced Public Key Encryption Algorithm for Security of Network

Abstract -- Network security has become more important to personal computer users, organizations, and the military. With the advent of the internet,
security became a major concern and the history of security allows a better understanding of the emergence of security technology. The internet
structure itself allowed for many security threats to occur. When the architecture of the internet is modified it can reduce the possible attacks that can be
sent across the network. Knowing the attack methods, allows for the appropriate security to emerge. By means of firewalls and encryption mechanisms
many businesses secure themselves from the internet. The businesses create an "intranet" to remain connected to the internet but secured from
possible threats. Data integrity is quite a issue in security and to maintain that integrity we tends to improve as to provides the better encryption
processes for security. In our proposed work we will make encryption harder with enhanced public key encryption protocol for security and will discuss
the applications for proposed work. We will enhance the hardness in security by improving the Diffie-Hellman encryption algorithm by making changes or
adding some more security codes in current algorithm.

REFERENCES
[1] Farhat, Farshid, Somayeh Salimi, and Ahmad Salahi. "Private
Identification, Authentication and Key Agreement Protocol with
Security Mode Setup." IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive 2011.
[2] Emmanuel Bresson, Olivier Chevassut, David
Pointcheva, Jean-Jacques Quisquater, "Authenticated
Group Diffie-Hellman Key Exchange", Computer and
Communication Security- proc of ACM CSS'01,
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA, Pages 255-264, ACM Press,
November 5-8, 2001.
[3] Mario Cagaljm, Srdjan Capkun and Jean-Pierre
Hubaux," Key agreement in peer-to-peer wireless
networks", Ecole Polytechnique F´ed´erale de Lausanne
(EPFL), CH-1015 Lausanne.
[4] Michel Abdalla, Mihir Bellare, Phillip Rogaway,"
DHIES: An encryption scheme based on the Diffie-Hellman
Problem", September 18, 2001.
[5] Jean-Fran¸cois Raymond, Anton Stiglic," Security Issues
in the Diffie-Hellman Key Agreement Protocol".
[6] Whitfield Diffie and Martin E. Hellman," New Directions
in Cryptography", invited paper.
[7] F. Lynn Mcnulty," Encryption's importance to
economic and infrastructure security" in 2002.
[8] Tony Chung and Utz Roedig," Poster Abstract: DHBKEY -A Diffie-Hellman Key Distribution Protocol for
Wireless Sensor Networks", Infolab21, Lancaster University,
UK.
[9] A. Chandrasekar, V.R. Rajasekar, V. Vasudevan,"
Improved Authentication and Key Agreement Protocol
Using Elliptic Curve Cryptography" in 2006.
[10] SANS Institute Info Sec Reading Room," A Review of
the Diffie-Hellman Algorithm and its use in Secure
Internet Protocols".
*11+ Paul C. Kocher, "Timing Attacks on Implementations of
Diffie-Hellman, RSA, DSS, and Other Systems", Cryptography
Research, Inc. 607 Market Street, 5th Floor, San Francisco, CA
94105, USA.
[12] Brita VesterĂ¥s," Analysis of Key Agreement Protocols",
Mtech Thesis, Department of Computer Science and Media
Technology, Gjovik University College, 2006
[13] (2006) The YouTube website [online]. Available:
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[15] (2011) The Wikipedia website [online]. Available:
[16] (2009) The Wikipedia website [online]. Available:
xchange.

Security Weaknesses in PGP

Academic Endeavors at Pennsylvania State University

Wednesday, March 25, 2020

System and methods for UICC-based secure communication


ABSTRACT
A system that incorporates the subject disclosure may include, for example, instructions which when executed cause a device processor to perform operations comprising sending a service request to a remote management server; receiving from the management server an authentication management function and an encryption key generator for execution by a secure element and an encryption engine for execution by a secure device processor, sending a request to establish a communication session with a remote device; and communicating with the remote device via a channel established using an application server. The secure element and the secure device processor authenticate each other using a mutual authentication keyset. The secure element, the secure device processor and the device processor each have a security level associated therewith; the security level associated with the secure device processor is intermediate between that of the secure element and that of the device processor. Other embodiments are disclosed.

Reference
1"3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Core Network and Terminals; Characteristics of the Universal Subscriber Identity Module (USIM) application", Release 11, 2012.
2"3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Core Network and Terminals; Remote APDU Structure for (U)SIM Toolkit applications", Release 10, 2012.
3"3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Core Network and Terminals; Secured packet structure for (Universal) Subscriber Identity Module (U)SIM Toolkit applications", Release 10, 2012.
4"3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Core Network and Terminals; UICC-terminal interface; Physical and logical characteristics", Release 10, 2011.
5"3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Core Network and Terminals; Universal Subscriber Identity Module (USIM) Application Toolkit (USAT)", Release 11, 2012.
6"GlobalPlatform Card Confidential Card Content Management Card Specification v2.2-Amendment A", 2011.
7"GlobalPlatform Card Contactless Services Card Specification v2.2-Amendment C", 2012.
8"GlobalPlatform Card Remote Application Management over HTTP Card Specification v2.2-Amendment B", 2012.
9"GlobalPlatform Card Security Upgrade for Card Content Management Card Specification v 2.2-Amendment E", 2011.
10"GlobalPlatform Card Specification", Version 2.2.1, 2011.
11"GlobalPlatform Card Technology Secure Channel Protocol 03 Card Specification v 2.2-Amendment D", 2009.
12"GlobalPlatform Device Secure Element Remote Application Management", May 2011.
13"GlobalPlatform Device Technology Secure Element Access Control", Version 1.0, May 2012.
14"GlobalPlatform Device Technology TEE System Architecture", Dec. 2011.
15"GlobalPlatform Key Management System", Functional Requirements, Nov. 2003.
16"GlobalPlatform System Messaging Specification for Management of Mobile-NFC Services", Feb. 2011.
17"Over-The-Air Platform Security Review", Mandiant Intelligent Information Security, 6 pgs., Aug. 17, 2010.
18
Farhat, Farshid, Somayeh Salimi, and Ahmad Salahi. "Private Identification, Authentication and Key Agreement Protocol with Security Mode Setup" IACR Cryptology ePrint Archive 2011 (2011): 45.
19"Reprogrammable SIMs: Technology, Evolution and Implications", csmg, Sep. 25, 2012.
20
"Secure Authentication for Mobile Internet Services"-Sim Alliance, Dec. 2011 http://simalliance.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/03/12-01-01-WP-SIMallianceSecureAuthentication-EN-V1.1.pdf.
21"Smart Cards; Card Application Tookit (CAT)", Release 11, 2012.
22"Smart Cards; ETSI numbering system for telecommunication application providers", Release 11, 2011.
23"Smart Cards; Machine to Machine UICC; Physical and logical characteristics", Release 9, 2011.
24"Smart Cards; Remote APDU structure for UICC based applications", Release 11, 2012.
25"Smart Cards; Secured packet structure for UICC based applications", Release 11, 2012.
26"Smart Cards; Security mechanisms for UICC based Applications-Functional requirements", Release 8, 2008.
27"Smart Cards; UICC Application Programming Interface (UICC API) for Java Card(TM)", Release 9, 2012.
28"Smart Cards; UICC Application Programming Interface (UICC API) for Java Card™", Release 9, 2012.
29"Smart Cards; UICC-Terminal Interface; Physical and logical characteristics", Release 10, 2011, 179 pages.
30"The OTA Platform in the World of LTE", 14 pgs., Jan. 2011.
31"Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); UICC-terminal interface; Physical and logical characteristics", Release 10, 2011.
32Chen, "An efficient end-to-end security mechanism for IP multimedia subsystem", Computer Communications, 2008, vol. 31.18, pp. 4259-4268.
33Dodson, Ben et al., "Snap2Pass: Consumer-Friendly Challenge-Response Authentication with a Phone", http://prpl.stanford.edu/papers/soups10j.pdf, Apr. 30, 2010.
34Global Platform, "Secure Element Remote Application Management", Version 1.0, May 2011.
35Imhontu, et al., "A survey on near field communication in mobile phones & PDAs", Dissertation Halmstad University, 2010. http://hh.diva-portal.org/smash/get/diva2:385433/FULLTEXT01.
36Kim, Jong-Min et al., "A Study of Coupons issuance System Considering of User Convenience Based on NFC", 3rd International Conference on Computer Science and Information Technology (ICCSIT'2013) Jan. 4-5, 2013 Bali (Indonesia). http://psrcentre.org/images/extraimages/113118.pdf.
37Kounelis, Ioannis et al., "Secure Middleware for Mobile Phones and UICC Applications", Mobile Wireless Middleware, Operating Systems, and Applications, Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012, 143-152.
38Kounelis, Ioannis et al., "Security of service requests for cloud based m-commerce", MIPRO, 2012 Proceedings of the 35th International Convention, IEEE, 2012.
39Meyerstein, et al., "Security Aspects of Smart Cards vs. Embedded Security in Machine-to-Machine (M2M) Advanced Mobile Network Applications", InterDigital Communications Corporation LLC, First International ICST Conference: MobiSec 2009, Security and Privacy in Mobile Information and Communication Systems, p. 214-225, Jun. 3-5, 2009.
40Nagalakshmi, et al., "Modified Protocols for Internet Key Exchange (IKE) Using Public Encryption and Signature Keys", Information Technology: New Generations (ITNG), 2011 Eighth International Conference on, 2011, pp. 376, 381.
41Zhang, et al., "Cryptographic Key Agreement Protocol Simulation", Semantics Knowledge and Grid (SKG), 2010 Sixth International Conference on, 2010, pp. 418, 419.

Wednesday, November 21, 2018

MODELING, MONITORING AND SCHEDULING TECHNIQUES FOR NETWORK RECOVERY FROM MASSIVE FAILURES


MODELING, MONITORING AND SCHEDULING TECHNIQUES FOR NETWORK RECOVERY FROM MASSIVE FAILURES

Author:
Zad Tootaghaj, Diman
Graduate Program:
Computer Science and Engineering
Degree:
Doctor of Philosophy
Document Type:
Dissertation
Date of Defense:
May 23, 2018
Committee Members:
  • Thomas F Laporta, Dissertation Advisor
  • Thomas F Laporta, Committee Chair
  • Ting He, Committee Member
  • Nilanjan Ray Chaudhuri, Committee Member
  • Marek Flaska, Outside Member
Keywords:
  • Network Recovery
  • Massive Disruption
  • Stochastic Optimization
  • Uncertainty
  • Network Recovery Massive Disruption
  • Uncertainty.
  • Cascading Failures
  • Interdependent Networks
  • Power Grid
  • Software-Defined Networking
Abstract:
This dissertation explores modeling, monitoring and scheduling techniques for network recovery from massive failures, with a focus on optimization methods under uncertain knowledge of failures. Large-scale failures in communication networks due to natural disasters or malicious attacks can severely affect critical communications and threaten lives of people in the affected area. In 2005, Hurricane Katrina led to outage of over 2.5 million lines in the BellSouth (now AT&T) network. In the absence of a proper communication infrastructure, rescue operation becomes extremely difficult. Progressive and timely network recovery is, therefore, a key to minimizing losses and facilitating rescue missions. Many prior works on failure detection and recovery assume full knowledge of failures and use a deterministic approach for the recovery phase. In real-world scenarios, however, the failure pattern might be unknown or only partially known. Therefore, classic recovery approaches may not work. To this end, I focus on network recovery assuming partial and uncertain knowledge of the failure locations. I first studied large-scale failures in a communication network. In particular, I proposed a new recovery approach under uncertain knowledge of failures. I proposed a progressive multi-stage recovery approach that uses the incomplete knowledge of failure to find a feasible recovery schedule. From the elements of this solution, I selected a node with highest centrality at each iteration step to repair and exploit as a monitor to increase the knowledge of network state, until all critical services are restored. The recovery problem can be addressed by giving different priority to three performance aspects including: 1) Demand loss, 2) computation time and 3) number of repairs (or repair cost). These aspects are in conflict with each other and I studied the trade-off among them. Next, I focused on failure recovery of multiple interconnected networks. In particular, I focused on the interaction between a power grid and a communication network. I modeled the cascading failures in a power gird using a DC power flow model. I tackled the problem of mitigating an ongoing cascade by formulating the minimum cost flow assignment problem as a linear programming optimization. The optimization aimed at finding a minimum cost DC power flow setting that stops the cascading failure, where the total cost is defined as the total weighted amount of unsatisfied load due to the re-distribution of the power in the generators and loads without violating the overload constraint at each line. Then, I focused on network monitoring techniques that can be used for diagnosing the performance of individual links for localizing soft failures (e.g. highly congested links) in a communication network. I studied the optimal selection of the monitoring paths to balance identifiability and probing cost. I considered four closely related optimization problems: (1) Max-IL-Cost that maximizes the number of identifiable links under a probing budget, (2) Max-Rank-Cost that maximizes the rank of selected paths under a probing budget, (3) Min-Cost-IL that minimizes the probing cost while preserving identifiability, and (4) Min-Cost-Rank that minimizes the probing cost while preserving rank. I showed that while (1) and (3) are hard to solve, (2) and (4) possess desirable properties that allow efficient computation, while providing good approximation to (1) and (3). I proposed an optimal greedy-based approach for (4) and proposed a (1-1/e)-approximation algorithm for (2). My experimental analysis revealed that, compared to several greedy approaches that directly solve the identifiability-based optimization (i.e. (1) and (3)), the proposed rank-based optimization (i.e. (2) and (4)) achieved better trade-offs in terms of identifiability and probing cost. Finally, I addressed, a minimum disruptive routing framework in software defined networks. I showed that flow disruption, congestion and violation of policies can occur during updates of flow tables in software defined networks. I aimed to minimize the update disruption and minimize the number of affected flows during the update, while taking into account link capacity constraints and the importance of various flows to upper-layer applications. I formulated the problem as an integer linear programming and showed that it is NP-Hard. I proposed two randomized rounding algorithms with bounded congestion and demand loss to solve this problem. In addition to a small SDN testbed, I performed a large-scale simulation study to evaluate my proposed approaches on real network topologies. Extensive experimental and simulation results show that the two random rounding approaches have a disruption cost close to the optimal while incurring a low congestion factor and a low demand loss.

Tuesday, October 10, 2017

Contention-Aware Game-theoretic Model for Heterogeneous Resource Assignment

CAGE: A Contention-Aware Game-theoretic Model for Heterogeneous Resource Assignment


Traditional resource management systems rely on a centralized approach to manage users running on each resource. The centralized resource management system is not scalable for large-scale servers as the number of users running on shared resources is increasing dramatically and the centralized manager may not have enough information about applications' need. In this paper we propose a distributed game-theoretic resource management approach using market auction mechanism to find optimal strategy in a resource competition game. The applications learn through repeated interactions to choose their action on choosing the shared resources. Specifically, we look into two case studies of cache competition game and main processor and co-processor congestion game. We enforce costs for each resource and derive bidding strategy. Accurate evaluation of the proposed approach show that our distributed allocation is scalable and outperforms the static and traditional approaches.

Draft > CAGE

Saturday, September 30, 2017

Modeling and Optimization of MapReduce

ABSTRACT

MapReduce framework is widely used to parallelize batch jobs since it exploits a high degree of multi-tasking to process them. However, it has been observed that when the number of mappers increases, the map phase can take much longer than expected. This paper analytically shows that stochastic behavior of mapper nodes has a negative effect on the completion time of a MapReduce job, and continuously increasing the number of mappers without accurate scheduling can degrade the overall performance. We analytically capture the effects of stragglers (delayed mappers) on the performance. Based on an observed delayed exponential distribution (DED) of the response time of mappers, we then model the map phase by means of hardware, system, and application parameters. Mean sojourn time (MST), the time needed to sync the completed map tasks at one reducer, is mathematically formulated. Following that, we optimize MST by finding the task inter-arrival time to each mapper node. The optimal mapping problem leads to an equilibrium property investigated for different types of inter-arrival and service time distributions in a heterogeneous datacenter (i.e., a datacenter with different types of nodes). Our experimental results show the performance and important parameters of the different types of schedulers targeting MapReduce applications. We also show that, in the case of mixed deterministic and stochastic schedulers, there is an optimal scheduler that can always achieve the lowest MST.

[Tech Report] [Master Thesis] [IEEE Trans]

Last version > MapReduce_Performance_Optimization

Friday, September 22, 2017

PIAKAP

Authentication and Key Agreement Protocol in 4G

Abstract
Identification, authentication and key agreement protocol of UMTS networks with security mode setup has some weaknesses in the case of mutual freshness of key agreement, DoS-attack resistance, and efficient bandwidth consumption. In this article we consider UMTS AKA and some other proposed schemes. Then we explain the known weaknesses of the previous frameworks suggested for the UMTS AKA protocol. After that we propose a new protocol called private identification, authentication, and key agreement protocol (PIAKAP), for UMTS mobile network. Our suggested protocol combines identification and AKA stages of UMTS AKA protocol while eliminates disadvantages of related works and brings some new features to improve the UMTS AKA mechanism. These features consist of reducing the interactive rounds of the UMTS AKA with security mode setup and user privacy establishment.

ePrintResearchSecurity and tagged  on .

Friday, August 11, 2017

Professional Photography using Deep Learning

ABSTRACT: Retrieving photography ideas corresponding to a given location facilitates the usage of smart cameras, where there is a high interest among amateurs and enthusiasts to take astonishing photos at anytime and in any location. Existing research captures some aesthetic techniques such as the rule of thirds, triangle, and perspective-ness, and retrieves useful feedbacks based on one technique. However, they are restricted to a particular technique and the retrieved results have room to improve as they can be limited to the quality of the query. There is a lack of a holistic framework to capture important aspects of a given scene and give a novice photographer informative feedback to take a better shot in his/her photography adventure. This work proposes an intelligent framework of portrait composition using our deep-learned models and image retrieval methods. A highly-rated web-crawled portrait dataset is exploited for retrieval purposes. Our framework detects and extracts ingredients of a given scene representing as a correlated hierarchical model. It then matches extracted semantics with the dataset of aesthetically composed photos to investigate a ranked list of photography ideas, and gradually optimizes the human pose and other artistic aspects of the composed scene supposed to be captured. The conducted user study demonstrates that our approach is more helpful than the other constructed feedback retrieval systems.

ArtComputer VisionConference PaperDeep LearningImage ProcessingMachine LearningPattern RecognitionPhotographyResearchThesis  on 

Saturday, July 15, 2017

Mirzakhani, Maryam

Maryam Mirzakhani was first women to win Fields Medal in math also professor at Stanford university.

in Farshid Farhat 's Twitter